Apparatus for forming molds for castings



t e e h S S t e e h S 2 QM A D A m S m M M 0 w APPARATUS FOR FORMING MOLDS FOR CASTING.

No 258,206. Patented May 23, 1882.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

Patented May 23, 1882.

S J. ADAMS.

APPARATUS FOR FORMING MOLDS FOR CASTING.

N. PETERS FhotmLlihugrnpher. Washington. D. c.

( No Model.)

g If UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

S. JARVIS ADAMS, OF PITTSB URG, PENNSYLVANIA.

APPARATUS FOR FORMING MOLDS FOR CASTINGS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 258,206, dated May 23, 1882.

Application filed July 2, 1881.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, S. JARVIS ADAMS, of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Apparatus for Forming Molds for Castings; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which-- Figure 1 is a vertical central section of a flask, illustrating the formation of a mold by my improved apparatus. Fig.2 is alike view after the formation of the mold and withdrawal of the rotary pattern. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the rotary pattern. Fig. 4 is a crosssection of the pattern, the sleeking or finishing apparatus being held within the cutter. Fig. 5 is a like view where the sleeking or finishing apparatus is advanced beyond the cutter. Fig. 6 is a vertical section of a mold, illustrating the operation of another form of pattern. 7 is a like view, showing the position of thepattern before entering the sand and Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the pattern shown in Figs. 6 and 7.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts in each.

My invention relates to certain improvements in apparatus for forming molds for castings by means of rotary patterns, as shown and described in Letters Patent No. 235,191,-

granted to me December 7, 1880. In the rotary patterns or cutting and sleeking tools shown in said Letters Patent the sleekers or finishers were shown back of the cutters and formed of the same piece, so that as thetool entered the sand its action was to both out and sleek during the entire formation of the mold, and the sleeking pressure compacted the sand, so as to render it more diffioultfor the cutters to remove the sand.

The object of my invention is to provide a rotary pattern which will rapidly cut'its way into the sand without compacting it, and when the major part of the sand is removed will press out and smooth and polish its surface to form a perfect mold.

To this end my invention consists, first, in a rotary pattern provided with a cutter adapted to out acavity in the sand approximating the (No model.)

shapeof the mold to be formed, and sleeking or finishing apparatus adapted to be advanced beyond the cutter and smooth and finish the mold, both cutter and sleeking apparatus being combined in the same tool and operating in conjunction with each other; and, second,

in certain improvements in the apparatus employed in carrying out my invention.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will describe its con struction and operation.

Myinvention is illustrated in connection with patterns for the formation of mhlds for tubewelding balls and wagon-boxes, these two patterns fully illustrating the different constructions of patterns found advantageous, and the form of the pattern being easily changed to suit the style of mold to be made. The pattern Ais mounted on the spindle B, secured at the top of a perpendicular shaft (not shown) in the frame of the apparatus, said shaft being rotated by belt and pulley or other suitable power connections. The spindle B is removably secured in or to the shaft by screwing or other suitable means, so that itcan be removed and a pattern of other size and form be secured to the shaft. The pattern A is formed of the cutter D and finisher E, the cutter being formed slightly smaller than the size of the finished mold and approximately to the shape of the mold,having the entering point dto cut the core-print at the base of the mold, the bodyf to form a cavity slightly smaller than the casting to be formed, and the: heady'to cut the cope-print at the top of the mold. This cutter D is generally made of a thin cast-steel plate, cut to shape, bolted or otherwise secured to the end of the spindle. It may, however, he providedwith regular knives or outting edges extending beyond the edge of the plate in the direction of the revolution of the tool.

The finisher E is shown in two different c011- structions where it is spread laterally beyond the edges of the cutter, as shown in Figs. 1 to 5, and where it is advanced longitudinally beyond the cutter, or the cutter drawn longitudinally back of the finisher, as shown in Figs. 6 to 8. formed of two arms, 0 0, each pivoted at the end or point (1 of the cutter, and one arm ex- In the first construction the finisher is arms being secured by a toggle-joint, h, to a rod, i, mounted so as to slide within or beside the spindle B of the pattern. This togglejoint is to spread and to retract the finisher during the revolution of the tool. The arms 0 are of such shape that when spread beyond the cutter they assume the exact shape of the mold to be formed. The surfaces of the tinishing-arms are properly curved and polished to act as sleekers or finishers against the mold, cavity, and to press out and smooth and finish the surface of the cavity previously formed by the cutter; and in some cases, as where a swell is desired on the casting, the finishingarms may be arranged to press outan enlargement beyond the vertical cavity formed by the cutter.

The apparatus preferred for operating the finisher is constructed as follows: The spindle 13, carrying the cutter D, is formed hollow for part of its length, as at k, and a longitudinal slot, 1, is formed through the side of the spindle into this hollow. In the hollow of the'spindie the rod t, for operating the toggle, slides, and it is connected bya lug extending through this slot Z with the annular ring at around the spindle. A spiral spring, a, in the base of the hollow k of the spindle presses against the base of the rod 2', so as to hold it up, thus contracting the toggle It, so as to hold the finisher within the cutter, as shown in Fig. 2, the tinisher being thrown laterally beyond the cutter when the rod 2' isdrawn down, and thus straigh tens the toggle, as shown in Fig. 1., The spindle B may also be formed solid and the rod 17 be arranged to slide longitudinally beside it, the ring m fitting around the spindle; but the hollow spindle and rod sliding longitudinally within it are preferred. The rotary patterns are mounted under a suitable flask-table, T, supported on uprights T, and the patterns are raised by suitable means through circularopenings in the flask-table. The.flask U, packed with sand,is placed on a bottom board,v,hav-

ing circular openings corresponding in size to the greatest diameter of the rotary patterns, and the flask and bottom board placed on the table, being guided to place by any suitable guideor stop mechanism. Secured to the uprights T, below the flask-table, is the horizontal plate 15, having a circular opening, through which the spindle carrying the pattern works. When the pattern is raised the ring m,secured tothe sliding rod 2', comes in cont-act with this plate, and thus prevents the rod from rising, ,and as the pattern advances farther the toggle h is extended and throws out the finishingarms.

In order to arrange the finishing apparatus to finish molds of different sizes or diameters, I; so mount the arms 0 011 the cutter that they 'may be adjusted at both the point and back where they are connected with the toggle. The adjustment at the point is accomplished bymeans of a right and left hand screw-rod, 19, secured so as to turn in the block 0 on the cutter-plate D, the threaded portions of the rod p working within two sliding pivot-blocks, r, correspondingly threaded, one on each side of the block 0. The arms 0 are pivoted one to each of these slidingpivot-blocks, and when it is desired to enlarge or reduce the mold at the point the screw-rod p is turned in the proper direction. The same means of adjustment may beemployed at the back of the finisher, the sliding rodt' being secured to the block carrying the right and left hand screw-rod, and the ends of the toggle-arms h being pivoted to the pivot-blocks fitting over the screwrod. The means shown for the adjustment of the toggle-arms h are couplings 8, having right and left hand screw-threads, the togglearms being formed in two pieces screwed into these couplings, and the toggle-arms are lengthened or shortened by turning this coupling s, the finisher-arms 0 being thus capable ot'adjustlnent at both ends. As different sizes of pipe-balls, varying only about one hunterns are generally arranged in nests of fromt'our to twelve, according to size, and are rotated at about two hundred revolutions per minute. The flasks are preferably long, being divided into compartments, each adapted for the formation of a mold or nest of molds.

The operation of my improved apparatus is as follows: The flask in which the mold is to be made is packed with sand, either by ramming, pressing, rolling, or by the patent jarring process, and the bottom board, o, placed upon it, when it is inverted and placed on the jarring-table over the circular opening through which the rotary pattern rises. The rotary pattern is then raised by suitable mechanism, and as the finishing apparatus E is held within the cutter D the cutter enters the sand and gradually cuts a cavity in the packed sand corresponding in shape to the outline of the cutter. As no sleeking or compacting of the sand occurs during the entrance of the cutter, it can enter much more rapidly and requires less force, its operation being simply to cut the cavity in the sand. As the pattern advances the ring on around the spindle B comes against the horizontal plate t and prevents the sliding rod i from advancing farther with the pattern, and as the pattern rises this rodz' draws down the toggle h, and thus advances the arms e e of the finisher beyond the edges of the cutter, the outer curved faces of these arms serving to press out the sand to the exact shape of the mold, compact it, and smooth and finish its face, thus forming the finished and perfect cylindrical mold. After the formation of the mold the pattern is lowered, and as soon as it commences to descend, the spring at in the base of the hollow spindle raises the sliding rod and causes the toggle to draw in the arms 0, so that in withdrawing the pattern IlO no part of it is in contact with the finished mold, and its surface cannot be marred in any way.

One desirable point in tube-welding balls is to have the back of the ball of slightly smaller diameter than the front or entering part, so that after the welding of the tube the ball will have no tendency to drag on the in terior of the tubing or stretch the weld. Balls of this construction could heretofore be made only in partible molds.

In my improved pattern, by means of the adjusting apparatus the arms 6 may be setto press out the front of the mold farther than the back, thus giving it the preferred form, and as the arms are drawn from the sides of the mold as soon as the pattern descends the pattern can be easily withdrawn without marring this form of mold. In this same manner different swells and enlargements may be formed in the interior of the mold, the arms being shaped to suit, and in some cases separate apparatus may be thrown out after the pattern ceases to advance to cut rings on the surface of the mold. If desired, other apparatus for advancing the arms may be employed-as, for instance, the cutter can be arranged to cut in the entire distance and the finisher be afterward advanced.

Instead of pivoting the finisher on the cutter, the cutter may be pivoted on the finisher and have cutting-edges adapted to be advanced beyond the finisher wherever the enlargement of the cavity is necessary, and to be withdrawn when the mold is to be finished.

In Figs. 6, 7, and 8 is shown another construction of my improved apparatus, em ployed for the formation of molds for wagonboxes and like articles wheretheparts to be smoothed are on an incline or taper. In this case the sleeker or finisher E is formed of a plate of metal corresponding in shape to the mold to be formed, and having its edges properly curved and polished to sleek and finish the mold, the finisher E being rigidly secured to the hollow spindle B. The cutter D is of approximately the shape of the mold, and is socured to the sliding rod working in the spindle. The movement of the cutter on the finisher is directed by the longitudinal slots (1 in the cutter fitting over pins on the finisher. WV hen this construction of pattern is used the spring a in the hollow spindle holds the cutter in front of the finisher until a cavity of approximately the desired shape is cut, and then the ring in comes in contact with the horizontal plate t, thus preventing .the further advance of the cutter, while the finisher advances and presses out, smooths, and finishes the mold. The cutter may, however, be rigidly secured to the spindle, and after it has entered its entire distance the finisher be advanced by suitable mechanism beyond the cutter.

No claim is made herein to the special ap paratus shown in this modification, as the same will be made the subject of a separate application for patent.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. A rotary pattern for forming cylindrical molds in sand, provided with acutter to cut a cavity of approximately the shape required, and finishing apparatus adapted to be advanced beyond the cutterand finish the mold, substantially as set forth.

2. In rotary patterns for forming molds, the combination of a cutter adapted to.cut a cavity of approximately the shape required, and finishing apparatus pivoted to said cutter and adapted to be advanced beyond the edges of the cutter and finish the mold, substantially as set forth.

3. In rotary patterns for forming molds, the combination of the cutterD,finisher E, formed of the arms 0, pivoted at thepoint of the cutter, and toggle h, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. In rotary patterns for forming molds, the combination of the pattern A, formed of the cutter D and finisher E, the spindle B, carrying the pattern, and the sliding rod a, working longitudinally of the spindle for the operation of the pattern, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

5. In rotary patterns for forming molds, the combination of the pattern A, formed of the cutter D and finisher E, the spindlle B, carrying the pattern, the sliding rod 2', working longitudinally of the spindle and provided with the ring m, and the horizontal plate t, substantiall y as and for the purposes set forth.

6. In rotary patterns for forming molds, the cutter D, secured to the spindle B, ineombination with the finisher E, pivoted to the cutter, toggle h, and sliding rod t, adapted to advance and retract the finisher, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

7. In rotary patterns for forming molds, the cutter D, in combination with the finisher E, provided with apparatus for the adjustment of the finisher to form differentsizes of molds, substantially as set forth.

8. ln rotary patternsfor forming molds, the cutter D and pivoted finisher E, in combination with the block 0, sliding blocks 1', and the IIO right and left hand screw-rod 13, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

9. In rotary patterns for forming molds, the combination of the cutter D, arms 6 e of the finisher pivoted to the cutter, and the toggle it, having adjusting-couplings s, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I, the said S. JARVIS ADAMS, have hereunto set my hand.

s. JARVIS ADAMS.

Witnesses:

JAMES I. KAY, F. G. KAY. 

